Critical Cases - Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children!

HPI: 

  • Initial sx 6 days prior: erythematous, cracked lips
  • Presented to urgent care next day with fever and sore throat
  • Noted to have a “strawberry tongue” on evaluation and started on Amoxicillin for possible strep pharyngitis
  • Covid and strep tests sent: negative
  • Day 3: developed whole body erythematous rash which resolved after  1-2 days
  • Patient now with diffuse, intermittent, abdominal pain X 2 days ago w/vomiting and diarrhea
  • Mother notes fatigue and decreased activity
  • Of note, dad had COVID 3 weeks ago
  • No urinary complaint

PE:

BP 112/55 | Pulse 118 | Temp 97.8 °F (36.6 °C) (Oral) | Resp 24 | SpO2 100%

General:  In fetal position. Moaning. Fatigued

HEENT: +Strawberry tongue. No oropharyngeal exudates, erythema, lesions or swelling. Uvula midline without swelling. No cervical LAD

Eyes: Conjunctivae are normal.

Neck: Supple.

Cardiovascular: Tachycardia. No murmurs.

Pulmonary: Lungs clear. No respiratory distress

Abdomen: Soft, bowel sounds are normal. Diffuse tenderness, worse in the RLQ. Negative Rovsing’s. Non-peritoneal.

 

Differential:

  • COVID with multi-systemic inflammatory syndrome
  • Mononucleosis
  • Gastroenteritis
  • Kawasaki syndrome

 

Results:

  • CBC: WBC 24, 24% bands, plt 118
  • BMP: BUN 58, Cr 1.41
  • ESR: 27
  • CRP: 32
  • LFTs WNL
  • Monospot: negative
  • POC Covid: negative
  • ECG: Sinus tachycardia. Rate 124. TWI V2. No STE or STD
  • COVID PCR POSITIVE
  • hsTrop: 145
  • NT-proBNP: 10,815 
  • Lactate: 2.3
  • D-dimer: 0.6
  • Ferritin: 706
  • UA unremarkable
  • CXR unremarkable

 

Clinical Course:

  • Repeat vitals: BP 85/49 | Pulse 122 | Temp 102 °F (38.9 °C) (Oral) | Resp 40 | SpO2 100%
  • Reassessed, more ill-appearing w/ worsening vitals as above.
  • Discussed with peds ID - agreed with suspected multi-system inflammatory syndrome from COVID.
  • Transferred to peds tertiary care center for escalation of care: started on IVIG and high dose ASA there.

 

CDC Information for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) 

https://www.cdc.gov/mis-c/hcp/index.html

 

Pearls:

 

  • Suspect MIS-C in patients <21 with evidence of multisystem involvement, elevated inflammatory markers, and severe clinical illness in the setting of possible or confirmed Covid-19 infection or exposure within the last 4 weeks
  • This is reportable to local and state health departments
  • Consider early transfer to pediatric referral center